by Barbara Anne Hessel MD | May 10, 2023 | Gynecology, Obstetrics, Women's Health
A late period can cause panic and anxiety. While pregnancy can be a cause, there are other medical reasons to be concerned, whether you are trying to get pregnant, not sexually active, or have a female partner. But before you jump to conclusions and assume the worst, take a deep breath and consider that there could be other factors at play.
Today, we’ll explore the possible causes for a late period that aren’t pregnancy-related.
1. Stress
Stress is a significant factor that can affect your menstrual cycle. When you’re stressed, your body releases cortisol, a hormone that can interfere with the release of other hormones responsible for regulating your period. High stress levels can cause an imbalance in these hormones, leading to a late or missed period. If you suspect stress is the cause, try incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as yoga, meditation, or journaling into your daily routine.
2. Weight Fluctuations
Sudden weight gain or loss can impact your menstrual cycle, as your body needs a certain amount of body fat to produce hormones that regulate your period. Losing a significant amount of weight in a short period or being underweight can cause your body to stop producing these hormones, resulting in irregular periods or missed periods altogether. On the other hand, being overweight can cause hormonal imbalances, leading to irregular periods as well. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise is essential for a regular menstrual cycle.
3. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. It causes small cysts to form on the ovaries, leading to hormonal imbalances that can result in irregular periods. If you have other symptoms of PCOS, such as excessive hair growth, acne, or weight gain, it’s essential to consult your healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
4. Thyroid Issues
Your thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in your neck that regulates your metabolism. An overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) can cause hormonal imbalances that impact your menstrual cycle. If you suspect thyroid issues might be causing your late period, consult your healthcare provider for an evaluation and appropriate treatment.
5. Birth Control Changes
Starting or stopping hormonal birth control can impact your menstrual cycle. It’s common for your body to take some time to adjust to the new hormone levels, which can lead to a late period. Similarly, if you’ve recently stopped using hormonal birth control, it might take a few months for your body to re-establish its natural hormonal balance and regular menstrual cycle.
6. Over-Exercising
Intense physical activity can affect your menstrual cycle, especially if you’re not consuming enough calories to support your energy expenditure. Over-exercising can cause a decrease in body fat, leading to hormonal imbalances that result in irregular or missed periods. Ensure you’re eating a balanced diet and getting enough rest to support your training regimen to maintain a healthy menstrual cycle.
7. Illness
A recent illness or infection can also cause a late period. When your body is fighting off an infection, it can divert resources away from reproductive functions, resulting in a temporary delay in your menstrual cycle. Once your body has recovered, your period should return to its regular schedule.
Conclusion
If you’re experiencing a late period and are confident that pregnancy isn’t the cause, consider these factors that could be impacting your menstrual cycle. Remember that it’s always essential to consult a healthcare provider to discuss any concerns or changes in your menstrual cycle, as some issues may require medical intervention. Regular check-ups and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help ensure a regular and healthy menstrual cycle!
Barbara A. Hessel, MD. FACOG is a board-certified obstetrician and gynecologist offering the services patients need to maintain good health at all times. If you are looking for an in-office or online telemedicine consultation, schedule an appointment with us today.
by Barbara Anne Hessel MD | Apr 21, 2023 | Obstetrics
Breast exams are essential in detecting breast cancer early, which can help improve a person’s chances of successful treatment and recovery. There are different types of breast exams, including clinical breast exams, self-exams, and mammograms.
Understanding what each type of exam entails and what to expect before going in for one is essential.
Types of Breast Exams
A. Clinical Breast Exam
A clinical breast exam is a physical exam conducted by a healthcare provider. During the exam, your healthcare provider will check your breasts, underarms, and collarbone area for any lumps or abnormalities. They will also check for changes in breast size or shape, skin texture, and nipple discharge.
The exam itself is not painful, but you may feel some discomfort if your healthcare provider needs to press down on any areas. The exam typically lasts a few minutes.
B. Self-Exam
A self-exam is a way for a person to check their breasts for any lumps or abnormalities. It’s recommended that people perform self-exams at least once a month to become familiar with the normal look and feel of their breasts.
To perform a self-exam, start by standing in front of a mirror and visually inspecting your breasts for any changes in size, shape, or skin texture. Next, use the pads of your fingers to feel for lumps or abnormalities in your breasts, starting at the armpit and moving in a circular motion around the breast.
It’s important to note that not all lumps or changes in the breast are cancerous. Still, it’s essential to report any changes to your healthcare provider to determine the cause and receive proper treatment.
C. Mammogram
A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast that can detect changes or abnormalities that may not be noticeable during a clinical exam or self-exam. Mammograms are typically recommended for women over the age of 40 or those with a family history of breast cancer.
Before the exam, it’s recommended that you avoid wearing any deodorant, lotion, or powder on your breasts or underarms, as these products can interfere with the X-ray. During the exam, your breasts will be compressed between two plates while the X-ray is taken. This can cause some discomfort or pain, but it only lasts a few seconds.
After the exam, you may experience some mild discomfort or bruising. Your healthcare provider will review the results of the mammogram with you and determine if any further testing is needed.
Importance of Regular Breast Exams
Regular breast exams are essential in detecting breast cancer early, which can lead to more successful treatment outcomes. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and early detection is crucial in reducing mortality rates.
Clinical breast exams, self-exams, and mammograms are all important tools in detecting breast cancer. By performing regular self-exams and scheduling regular clinical exams and mammograms with your healthcare provider, you can increase your chances of detecting any abnormalities early.
Conclusion
It’s essential to understand what each type of exam entails and what to expect before going in for one. Clinical breast exams, self-exams, and mammograms are all important tools in detecting breast cancer, and it’s recommended that people schedule regular exams with their healthcare provider.
When it comes to breast health, you can trust Barbara A. Hessel, MD. FACOG. We are an OBGYN clinic in Forest Hills, NY that can help you assess your overall well-being. Schedule an appointment with us today to learn how.
by Barbara Anne Hessel MD | Apr 13, 2023 | Women's Health
Breast exams are an important part of women’s healthcare routine. They are used to detect any abnormalities in the breast tissue and identify any potential signs of breast cancer. If you are planning to have a breast exam, there are several things that you should know to prepare yourself for the procedure.
In the first part of this guide, we cover the basics of breast exams, including tips for preparing yourself with the exam proper. Here are some things you need to know.
Understand the Types of Breast Exams
There are three types of breast exams: self breast exams, clinical breast exams and mammograms. Self breast exams are performed by the patient herself. The best time to perform a breast self exam is right after the period, or pick a date that’s easy to remember.
Clinical breast exams are typically performed by a healthcare provider during a physical exam. During the exam, the provider will feel for any lumps or abnormalities in the breast tissue.
Mammograms are a type of imaging test that uses X-rays to create images of the breast tissue. Mammograms are typically recommended for women over the age of 40, or for women who are at higher risk for breast cancer.
Know When to Schedule Your Exam
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends that women receive a clinical breast exam at least once every three years starting at the age of 20. Women who are at higher risk for breast cancer may need to have more frequent exams.
If you have a family history of breast cancer, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider about your risk factors and when you should start having regular breast exams.
Prepare for Your Exam
Before your exam, there are a few things you can do to prepare yourself. Wear comfortable clothing that is easy to remove, as you may need to undress from the waist up for the exam.
Avoid wearing any lotions, perfumes, or deodorants on the day of the exam, as these products can interfere with the results. If you are having a mammogram, bring any previous images with you to the appointment.
During Your Exam
During your exam, your healthcare provider will ask you about your medical history and any symptoms you may be experiencing. They will then perform a physical exam, feeling for any lumps or abnormalities in the breast tissue.
If you are having a mammogram, you will be asked to stand in front of a machine while a technician takes images of your breast tissue. The procedure is typically painless, but some women may experience mild discomfort or pressure.
Understanding the Results
After your exam, your healthcare provider will review the results with you. If any abnormalities or lumps are detected, your provider may order further testing, such as a biopsy, to determine if the tissue is cancerous.
If the results are normal, you will typically be advised to continue with regular breast exams and mammograms as recommended.
Conclusion
Breast exams are an important part of women’s healthcare. They can help detect any abnormalities in the breast tissue and identify early signs of breast cancer. By staying informed and taking an active role in your healthcare, you can help ensure that you are doing everything you can to maintain your breast health. In part 2 of this guide, we will discuss the importance of breast exams and additional health implications.
When it comes to breast health, you can trust Barbara A. Hessel, MD. FACOG. We are an OBGYN clinic in Forest Hills, NY that can help you assess your overall well-being. Get in touch with us today to learn how.
by Barbara Anne Hessel MD | Apr 6, 2023 | Women's Health
Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the uterus and sometimes the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. While the procedure can alleviate various medical conditions, many women have several questions and concerns when considering this surgery. This article aims to answer some of the most common questions about hysterectomy, including the conditions it can treat, the types of hysterectomy, the risks and benefits, the recovery process, and sexual function.
What Conditions Can Hysterectomy Treat?
Hysterectomy can effectively treat several medical conditions, such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic prolapse, and certain types of cancer. It can also be a solution for women who experience heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, or other symptoms that do not respond to other treatments.
What Are the Types of Hysterectomies?
1. Total Hysterectomy
Total hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus and cervix. This is the most common type of hysterectomy and is usually recommended for women with cancer, endometriosis, or fibroids that are causing symptoms.
2. Partial Hysterectomy
Partial hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus only. This type of hysterectomy is usually recommended for women with fibroids or endometriosis and have no history of abnormal pap smears.
3. Radical Hysterectomy
Radical hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus, cervix, upper part of the vagina, and sometimes nearby lymph nodes and tissue. This type of hysterectomy is usually recommended for women with cervical or uterine cancer.
4. Oophorectomy
Oophorectomy involves the removal of one or both ovaries. This procedure may be performed in conjunction with a hysterectomy or alone. Oophorectomy is usually recommended for women with ovarian cancer, endometriosis, or other conditions that affect the ovaries.
5. Salpingo-oophorectomy
Salpingo-oophorectomy involves the removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes. This procedure may be performed in conjunction with a hysterectomy or on its own. A salpingo-oophorectomy is usually recommended for women with ovarian cancer, endometriosis, or other conditions that affect the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
What Are the Risks and Benefits of Hysterectomy?
Like any surgical procedure, a hysterectomy carries some risks, such as bleeding, infection, damage to nearby organs, and complications from anesthesia. However, the benefits of a hysterectomy can outweigh these risks, especially if a woman has a medical condition that significantly impacts her quality of life. Hysterectomy can relieve pain, bleeding, and discomfort and improve sexual function and overall well-being.
What Is the Recovery Process Like?
Recovery from a hysterectomy can vary depending on the type of surgery and the individual’s health and lifestyle. Women who have a laparoscopic hysterectomy might be discharged from the hospital the same day, while women having an abdominal hysterectomy might stay in the hospital for a few days. Full recovery may take two to eight weeks. During this time, a woman may experience pain, cramping, and vaginal bleeding and should avoid lifting heavy objects or engaging in strenuous activities. It is also essential to follow any postoperative instructions from the surgeon and attend all follow-up appointments.
Conclusion
Hysterectomy can be a life-changing procedure for many women, but it is crucial to understand the risks, benefits, and recovery process before undergoing this surgery. Women should discuss their medical history, symptoms, and options with their doctors and carefully weigh the pros and cons. With the right information and support, women can make an informed decision about hysterectomy and take steps to improve their health and well-being.
Book an appointment today with Barbara Hessel, MD, FACOG, an experienced board-certified obstetrician/gynecologist serving patients in the Forest Hills, NY, area for over 25 years. Dr. Hessel is an esteemed American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists member and a recipient of the Special Excellence in Endoscopic Procedures award. Trust in her expertise for all your OBGYN needs.
by Barbara Anne Hessel MD | Mar 28, 2023 | Women's Health
As the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) steadily increases, it’s becoming increasingly important for individuals to be aware of the risks associated with unprotected sex and to consider regular STD and STI testing.
While it’s possible to contract an STD or STI without any visible signs or symptoms, it’s necessary to be aware of the potential risks and to take the steps needed to ensure your sexual health.
Here are the reasons why considering regular STD and STI testing is essential:
1. Early Detection
When you are sexually active, getting tested for STDs and STIs is vital. This will help you know if you have an infection and, if so, to start treatment as soon as possible. Early detection can help reduce the risk of severe health complications, such as infertility, organ damage, and even death.
2. Protection
Regular STD testing and treatment for women’s annual exams can help to protect your sexual partners from the potential risks of an STD or STI. If you know that you’ve been tested recently and that you don’t have any active infections, you can be confident that you’re not putting your partners at risk.
3. Peace of Mind
Regular testing can provide peace of mind that you are not unknowingly carrying an infection that could put your sexual partners at risk. Knowing your status and that you are taking the necessary steps to protect your sexual health can grant you the peace of mind to enjoy your sexual relationships with confidence.
4. Prevention
Regular testing can help reduce the risk of contracting an STD or STI in the first place. You can take the necessary steps to ensure that you are engaging in safe sex and taking the appropriate precautions to reduce your risk of infection.
5. Awareness
Regular testing can help to raise awareness of the risks of unprotected sex and the importance of seeking regular testing. It can also reduce the stigma of seeking testing and encourage more people to consider testing as part of their healthy lifestyle.
How Often Should You Get STD and STI Testing?
All sexually active individuals should seek regular STD and STI testing. It is recommended that adults get tested at least once a year or more frequently if they have multiple partners or have had unprotected sex. Even if you are living in a monogamous relationship, getting tested regularly is essential to ensure both partners’ health.
Early detection of STDs and STIs is essential for maintaining sexual health. Regular testing can help detect any potential infections early on and allow for prompt treatment, reducing the risk of long-term complications. Speaking to your doctor is crucial to determine which tests are best for you and how often you should get tested.
Conclusion
Getting tested for STDs and STIs is essential in protecting your health and the health of your sexual partners. Regular STD testing and treatment for women’s annual exams can help to identify any infections you may have and allow you to take steps to prevent them from spreading. If you or you recognize someone sexually active, getting tested regularly and taking steps to protect yourself and your partner is vital. Remember, early detection is critical to successful treatment and prevention.
Barbara Hessel, MD, FACOG, is a highly experienced and qualified obstetrician/gynecologist who has provided exceptional care to Forest Hills, NY. She specializes in various services for women’s health, including STD testing and treatment, women’s annual exams, and more. With her extensive experience and knowledge, Dr. Hessel can provide her patients with the highest quality of care. If you are looking for a knowledgeable and experienced specialist in STD testing, contact us today.
